Are these sessions, strategies, processes actually implemented? By whose soldiers? when did it begin and how is the outcome data collected? I suppose I need to read the book but here in Canada many young people are about to enlist. I would like to know how they are prepared for killing.
1. U.S. Army Combined Arms Center. ATHENA – Career-Long Assessments: Athena (leader-development overview). 
2. Nazarov, A. et al. “The Prevalence of Exposure to Potentially Morally Injurious Events among Canadian Armed Forces Personnel.” Journal of Traumatic Stress (2021). 
3. Litz, B. T. & Kerig, P. K. “Moral Injury.” PTSD Research Quarterly 33 (1) (2021). 
4. Marx, B. P. et al. “A Controlled Trial of Enhanced Adaptive Disclosure to Improve Post-Traumatic Loss and Moral Injury Outcomes in Veterans.” Psychological Medicine (2024 RCT). 
5. Defense Health Agency. Evidence Brief: Adaptive Disclosure for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PHCoE, 2021). 
6. Loftin, R. K. et al. “Empathy-Training Seminar in the Military Health System: Pilot Workshop Results.” Military Medicine (2025).  
7. RAND Corporation. Enhancing Performance Under Stress: Stress-Inoculation Training for Battlefield Airmen (Report RR-750, 2022). 
8. Ursano, R. et al. “Prospective Associations of Perceived Unit Cohesion with Post-Deployment Mental Disorders and Suicidal Ideation.” Journal of Psychiatric Research 131 (2020): 40-47. 
9. Pérez-Alvarado, S. “ ‘Because It’s Easier to Kill That Way’: Dehumanizing Epithets, Militarized Subjectivity and American Necropolitics.” Language in Society 50 (2021): 651-677. 
10. French, S. & Jack, A. “Dehumanizing the Enemy: The Intersection of Neuro- and Military Ethics.” Case Western Reserve University Working Paper (2014). 
11. Feder, A. & Charney, D. “Psychobiology and Molecular Genetics of Resilience.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1071 (2010): 343-362. 
12. Siegel, A. & Dekel, R. “The Contribution of Empathy to the Adjustment of Military Veterans and Their Partners.” Psychological Reports 127 (2020): 1567-1586. 
13. Hourani, L. et al. “Toward Preventing PTSD: Development of Pre-Deployment Stress-Inoculation Training (PRESIT).” Military Medicine 181 (2016): 1151-1160. 
14. Public Services & Procurement Canada. Costs and Processing Times for Personnel Security Screenings (2025 guidance). 
15. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Candidate Information: Intelligence Analyst Selection Process (2022 briefing booklet). 
16. International Association of Crime Analysts (IACA). “12-Week Online Intelligence-Analyst Classes: Pricing and Structure” (2025). 
Very enlightening piece. Thanks Ryan!
Thank you Abdullah - hope you are well.
Are these sessions, strategies, processes actually implemented? By whose soldiers? when did it begin and how is the outcome data collected? I suppose I need to read the book but here in Canada many young people are about to enlist. I would like to know how they are prepared for killing.
Here is the reference list for reading:
1. U.S. Army Combined Arms Center. ATHENA – Career-Long Assessments: Athena (leader-development overview). 
2. Nazarov, A. et al. “The Prevalence of Exposure to Potentially Morally Injurious Events among Canadian Armed Forces Personnel.” Journal of Traumatic Stress (2021). 
3. Litz, B. T. & Kerig, P. K. “Moral Injury.” PTSD Research Quarterly 33 (1) (2021). 
4. Marx, B. P. et al. “A Controlled Trial of Enhanced Adaptive Disclosure to Improve Post-Traumatic Loss and Moral Injury Outcomes in Veterans.” Psychological Medicine (2024 RCT). 
5. Defense Health Agency. Evidence Brief: Adaptive Disclosure for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PHCoE, 2021). 
6. Loftin, R. K. et al. “Empathy-Training Seminar in the Military Health System: Pilot Workshop Results.” Military Medicine (2025).  
7. RAND Corporation. Enhancing Performance Under Stress: Stress-Inoculation Training for Battlefield Airmen (Report RR-750, 2022). 
8. Ursano, R. et al. “Prospective Associations of Perceived Unit Cohesion with Post-Deployment Mental Disorders and Suicidal Ideation.” Journal of Psychiatric Research 131 (2020): 40-47. 
9. Pérez-Alvarado, S. “ ‘Because It’s Easier to Kill That Way’: Dehumanizing Epithets, Militarized Subjectivity and American Necropolitics.” Language in Society 50 (2021): 651-677. 
10. French, S. & Jack, A. “Dehumanizing the Enemy: The Intersection of Neuro- and Military Ethics.” Case Western Reserve University Working Paper (2014). 
11. Feder, A. & Charney, D. “Psychobiology and Molecular Genetics of Resilience.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1071 (2010): 343-362. 
12. Siegel, A. & Dekel, R. “The Contribution of Empathy to the Adjustment of Military Veterans and Their Partners.” Psychological Reports 127 (2020): 1567-1586. 
13. Hourani, L. et al. “Toward Preventing PTSD: Development of Pre-Deployment Stress-Inoculation Training (PRESIT).” Military Medicine 181 (2016): 1151-1160. 
14. Public Services & Procurement Canada. Costs and Processing Times for Personnel Security Screenings (2025 guidance). 
15. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Candidate Information: Intelligence Analyst Selection Process (2022 briefing booklet). 
16. International Association of Crime Analysts (IACA). “12-Week Online Intelligence-Analyst Classes: Pricing and Structure” (2025). 
My pleasure!
Happy to discuss more - PM me please
That is a terrific list! Thank you so much. I had no idea these studies were done!